[{"command":"add_css","data":[{"rel":"stylesheet","media":"all","href":"\/sites\/default\/files\/css\/css_bRDSFcvqxUhXHfRNLkxGqvcee5AkMd_VfM00zOk2HLI.css?delta=0\u0026language=ru\u0026theme=ect_theme\u0026include=eJxLNkqJL8lIzU3VT8tMzUnRSc5JLC6u1M_LT0kFAIwhCi8"}]},{"command":"insert","method":"html","selector":"#ajax-container","data":"\n\n\n\n\u003Carticle lang=\u0022en\u0022 class=\u0022node node--type-volunteer-training-man-chapter node--promoted node--view-mode-ajax\u0022\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022node__content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022extra-header-block\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ca class=\u0022mini-pdf-icon\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/epidemics.ifrc.org\/ru\/pdf\/61\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cimg\n          src=\u0022\/themes\/custom\/ect_theme\/images\/svg\/pdf.svg\u0022\n          alt=\u0022pdf-download-icon\u0022\n          width=\u002224\u0022\n          height=\u002224\u0022\n        \u003E\n      \u003C\/a\u003E\n      \u003Ch1\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden\u0022\u003ESession 1.2. Volunteers and epidemic control\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/h1\u003E\n    \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \n\n\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBy the end of this session, you will be able to:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EUnderstand why volunteers play an essential role in epidemic control.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EExplain the importance of community volunteers and how they can be most helpful.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EDescribe the role of volunteers in epidemics.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EExplain how volunteers should protect themselves in epidemics.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003EPart 1.2.1. Why do we need volunteers?\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhy do we say that volunteers make a crucial contribution to efforts to control epidemics and help affected people and communities? Why do health professionals, doctors and nurses need their assistance? First of all, there are often too few health professionals. In addition, they are frequenly overstretched, or lack the resources they need to deal with all the people who are sick in their communities. This is especially true in epidemics where the number of people in need of care increases rapidly. Finally, health professionals work mostly in clinics and hospitals and are not always present in communities.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn such situations, Red Cross and Red Crescent volunteers provide essential forms of support. In many countries, they assist health professionals and governments to implement epidemic control measures. Their help is irreplaceable in the local communities in which they work or live.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBeing a volunteer also has advantages for the volunteers themselves:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EThey acquire knowledge, training and skills that will be useful in their lives.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EThey derive fulfilment and satisfaction from helping others.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ETheir value is recognized in their communities.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EGroup work \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EDivide into four groups. In each group, talk for a few minutes about what volunteers can do. Then each group should discuss one of the following cases: \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EBenefits when a volunteer is from the community. \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EBenefits when a volunteer has access to the community. \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EBenefits when a volunteer has access to the health system. \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EBenefits the volunteer obtains from his or her work. \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003ENote the main points made by each group in the table below. \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EBeing a volunteer from the community\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EAccess to the community\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EAccess to the health system \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EPersonal benefit \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EWhat you have learnt above will help you to understand and appreciate your role as a volunteer in the management of epidemics.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003EPart 1.2.2. The importance of community volunteers\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYou are a Red Cross or Red Crescent volunteer. You live in a local community (in a village or a neighbourhood in a town or city). When you work as a volunteer to provide services or help manage an epidemic, you work in your community.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe advantages we talked about before apply to you because you come from the community in which you work. This means that you know the community, you have relationships with people in it, and you can communicate easily with them. The benefits that volunteers who come from the community bring include:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EYou understand the community.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EYou know the people and understand how they think.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EYou know the community leaders.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EYou can talk to people in their language.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EYou know how to convince people to help themselves.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EYou know the local habits and customs.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EYou know local restrictions and opportunities.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EYou are available most of the time, and you want to help others.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EYou can meet everyone.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EBecause members of your community trust you, they will be more willing to confide in you their concerns, fears, beliefs...\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#2980b9;\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003ECan you think of some more advantages? Write them down below:\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Chr\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat do volunteers offer when epidemics occur?\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYou are a member of your local community, with all the advantages that we listed above. But, in addition, you have qualities that are important that others in your community may not have. You belong to a large organization (your Red Cross or Red Crescent National Society). You have been trained and are prepared to deal with epidemics. And you know what you should do in a crisis and how to do it.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\n\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\nWhen volunteers have these additional advantages, they are not only located in their communities but can be a vital link between their communities, the health system, and those who manage an epidemic.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\n\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\n\u003Cem\u003EFigure 1. Volunteers in epidemics\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Volunteers in epidemics\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u002223fb1572-3272-47fd-85e1-82929fe9e172\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/inline-images\/IFRC_volunteers%20in%20epidemics%20illustration.png\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003EPart 1.2.3. The role of volunteers in epidemics\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EVolunteers can help in many different ways before, during and after an epidemic. In this manual, we discuss these. Can you list some of the actions you could take to help your community during an epidemic? Talk to your colleagues and the facilitator and write your ideas on the board.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAfter you have talked about your role as a Red Cross Red Crescent volunteer in the community and in relation to the health authorities, ask yourself how you can make use of your position to help prevent and control epidemics.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResponding to an epidemic is always complex. It involves a wide range of activities, from case detection to diagnosis, treatment and care, and from contact tracing to prevention and psychosocial support. The public health system\u2019s capacity to cope may be overstretched by even small, limited epidemics, especially when it is weak or has been affected by floods, earthquakes, other natural disasters or conflict. The support provided by well-trained volunteers can therefore be critical.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHowever, each epidemic requires a coordinated response from the whole of society. National Society volunteers will be a part of a large team of public health officials, public health workers, healthcare professionals, community leaders, community service workers, etc. Volunteers will never work alone, though in some epidemic control activities their role can be dominant.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhat can volunteers do to prevent, detect and respond to epidemics? This will depend on the cause of the epidemic, when, where and why it occurred, and the number of people affected by it. The role of volunteers will also be different at different stages of the epidemic response.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EModule 3 describes various volunteer activities during the phases of epidemic prevention and preparedness, alert, response and recovery. Disease specific activities are listed in the disease tools. (See the Toolkit for more information about disease tools).\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EActivities common to all epidemics include:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPrevention.\u003C\/strong\u003E If effective prevention measures are applied, an epidemic may not occur at all or will have less severe consequences.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPreparedness.\u003C\/strong\u003E Before an epidemic, it is vital to foresee and assess the risk of a potential epidemic, prepare a plan, and gather resources.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EEarly detection.\u003C\/strong\u003E When active community-based surveillance is in place, cases can be detected and reported promptly, giving public health officials and the society more time to prevent the disease from spreading and protect people from its effects.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EEarly action.\u003C\/strong\u003E Once an epidemic is detected and declared, prompt action can slow its progress and make control measures more effective.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECommunity engagement and risk communication. \u003C\/strong\u003EThe three most important things volunteers do in epidemics are: to alert and mobilize communities; give them accurate information; and help them to adopt safer, less risky behaviour.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYour key role as a community volunteer is to support activities at community level.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESome epidemic response activities will mainly be under the responsibility of others:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EHealth authorities declare outbreaks, provide overall coordination of an epidemic response, take legal measures (restrictions on movement, trade or traffic), lead communications, etc.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EPublic health services are responsible for disease surveillance at health centres and clinics, epidemiological investigations, laboratory confirmation, etc.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EHealthcare professionals are in charge of clinical diagnosis, treatment of patients, and their care and support.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ECommunal services monitor water supplies and ensure they are safe.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYou will learn more about your expected role in future modules.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003EPart 1.2.4. Staying safe\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn epidemics or health emergencies, you may be working in high-risk situations and with vulnerable people (see 1.3.4 for more information about vulnerabilities). Your behaviour should be culturally sensitive and you should never cause offence by your personal behaviour. Always act impartially and with integrity. Correct, polite and neutral behaviour by Red Cross Red Crescent staff and volunteers is always expected. Please inform a supervisor if you witness any incidents that raise concern in this respect.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhen you work with communicable diseases, you may need personal protection equipment (PPE).\u003C\/strong\u003E The PPE you wear should be appropriate for the type of disease in question and its transmission paths, and the risk level of the task or duty you undertake.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, you should be provided with protective equipment against common occupational hazards, for example hats or protection from the sun, raincoats or umbrellas, warm or insulated jackets, etc., as appropriate.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003ETable 1. Examples of minimum personal protective equipment (PPE) provided to volunteers for different disease groups.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022responsive-table\u0022\u003E\n\u003Ctable\u003E\n\u003Cthead\u003E\n\u003Ctr\u003E\n\u003Cth\u003EDiseases transmitted by mosquitoes\u003C\/th\u003E\n\u003Cth\u003ERespiratory infections\u003C\/th\u003E\n\u003Cth\u003EHighly contagious diseases\u003C\/th\u003E\n\u003C\/tr\u003E\n\u003C\/thead\u003E\n\u003Ctbody\u003E\n\u003Ctr\u003E\n\u003Ctd\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPPE that prevents mosquito bites and protects from minor injuries. Includes:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EMosquito repellent\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ELong sleeved shirt and trousers\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EProtective footwear\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\u003C\/td\u003E\n\u003Ctd\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPPE that helps to block transmission. Includes:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EFace mask\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EHand sanitizer or soap\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EGloves\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\u003C\/td\u003E\n\u003Ctd\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPPE that fully covers the skin and clothing and prevents exposure of the eyes, nose, and mouth. Includes:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EGloves\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EFace mask\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EProtective footwear\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EGowns or overalls\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EHead cover\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EEye protection\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\u003C\/td\u003E\n\u003C\/tr\u003E\n\u003C\/tbody\u003E\n\u003C\/table\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003EPart 1.2.5. Training of volunteers\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAll National Society volunteers who will be engaged in epidemic control should receive the Epidemic Control for Volunteers (ECV) training. It will teach you about epidemics, diseases and their prevention and provide you with a range of skills that are useful when dealing with epidemics. The related trainings below will extend your knowledge:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/ecbhfa.ifrc.org\/\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECommunity-based health and first aid in action (CBHFA).\u003C\/strong\u003E \u003C\/a\u003EThe first four modules are particularly useful: the Red Cross Red Crescent in action volunteer, Community mobilization, Assessment-based action in my community, and Behaviour change communication (BCC) for community-based volunteers.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.ifrc.org\/document\/cea-toolkit\u0022\u003ECommunity engagement and accountability (CEA)\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.cbsrc.org\/\u0022\u003ECommunity-based surveillance (CBS)\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECBHFA modules provide information about the Red Cross Red Crescent and its principles and values, and your local National Society and its branches. You will learn what volunteering is, and about the values and responsibilities of volunteers. In addition, the module will teach you how to communicate and build relationships in a community and how to involve community members in Red Cross Red Crescent activities. Finally, you will explore the community to identify resources that might help the community to achieve its goals. These include tools to help volunteers to assess the community and its needs, map community resources and community vulnerabilities, and identify and prioritize health, first aid and safety issues.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe BCC module will teach you how to work with individuals, families and communities, promote positive behaviour that fits their circumstances, and provide a supportive environment that will enable people to act in a positive and appropriate manner.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe CEA module offers guidance and tools that help us to put the community at the centre of what we do and ensure that its views are heard. CEA tools enable us to communicate with people effectively and promptly and improve our accountability to the communities in which we work.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECommunity-based surveillance (CBS) explains health surveillance systems and how to plan and set up a CBS system at community level. CBS actively involves the community in detecting, reporting, responding to and monitoring local health issues. It detects unusual events, applies simple definitions to detect increases in the number of people falling sick, and sets up a communication link (via phone, SMS, paper, or even bicycle) to ensure that an appropriately qualified person is informed, who can investigate and confirm that an illness is occurring.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDiseases and epidemics are highly dynamic. New diseases sometimes emerge, and well-known diseases occur in unexpected ways. New prevention and control tools and new forms of treatment are always in development. This means that you will need to continue learning about epidemic control. You should actively attend refresher trainings and access new knowledge as it becomes available.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EFigure 2. Red Cross Red Crescent key Community and Emergency Health approaches and tools linked to epidemic control\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022BCC and CEA graph\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u002212c80e38-9a3b-44ac-a998-3f4dc2436c6b\u0022 src=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/inline-images\/IFRC_BCC%20and%20CEA%20graph_EN.png\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUnderlying all three approaches (ECV, CBHFA and CBS) is Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) and Community engagement and accountability (CEA). Behaviour change communication with a strong community engagement (CEA) component promotes effective programming and better accountability by establishing trust and open communication and developing a sound understanding of local practices and perceptions.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n","settings":null}]